TIMING	- The human factors effort begins during the Investment Analysis phase as does the initial concepts for the ILS effort. - Coordination between the Human Factors Working Group (HFWG) and the ILS teams begins during the Investment Analysis phase and continues throughout the remainder of the acquisition process, as shown in Table 9-1. Each element in the table represents an opportunity for cooperation between the Human Factors and the ILS programs.
"HOW TO"	Coordinating the Human Factors and ILS programs takes active and continuous communi-cation. There are many opportunities to plan requirements, collect data, and share information, especially in the areas of maintenance staffing, training, training support, and personnel skills. Coordination will result in program cost savings or cost avoidance by eliminating redundancy and will strengthen the planning, analysis, design, and testing for both programs during all phases of the acquisition process.
TABLE 9-1 COORDINATION OF ILS & HUMAN FACTORS ACTIVITIES
PHASE		ILS	HUMAN FACTORS
		- Form ILS teams	- Form HFWG
INVESTMENT ANALYSIS		- Initiate the ILS program	- Initiate the HF program
		- Conduct early ILS analyses	- Conduct early human factors analyses
		- Conduct ILS team meetings	- Conduct HFWG meetings
SOLUTION IMPLEMENTATION		- Identify contractual requirements	- Identify contractual requirements
		- Review data from ILS analyses	- Review data from HF analyses
		- Develop ILS documentation	- Develop HF documentation
		- Conduct ILS team meetings	- Conduct HFWG meetings
IN-SERVICE MANAGEMENT		- Identify issues from post-fielding assessments	- Identify issues from post-fielding assessments
		- Collect lessons learned	- Collect lessons learned
		COORDINATE
Step 1: Coordinate Joint Participation in Meetings	The Human Factors Coordinator participates in ILS team meetings and the ILS representatives participate in HFWGs. If the participants in the meetings appear to be similar, it may be economical to coordinate meeting times and locations. There are many opportunities for the two groups to share workload as they develop their HF and ILS documentation. Joint participation in meetings allows the participants to address common issues and areas of concern.
Step 2: Coordinate Conduct of Analyses	The ILS and human factors communities offer a rich environment for tools to assist in the analyses to be conducted in support of the acquisition program during its lifecycle. Many are readily available within the FAA acquisition working environment. For guidelines, standards, and tools not already available from the FAA Acquisition System Toolset (FAST), the process of identification should exploit other centers of information and expertise, including the FAA Human Factors Office, Crew Station Ergonomics Information Analysis Center (CSERIAC), National Technical Information Service (NTIS), and Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC). Some approaches and techniques may be performed in-house with available expertise and facilities while others require non-routine training, specialized equipment, and unique capabilities and facilities. Subsequent to the identification of analyses and data requirements, comparing the planned tasks and activities for the two programs yields an assessment of the synergy to be achieved between the ILS and human factors efforts. Many analyses and analytical techniques may simultaneously provide results that meet both human factors needs and logistic support analysis (LSA) requirements. Analyses and data requirements that may intersect both programs include such areas as: - Use Studies: Assessment of the intended use of new equipment identifies the impact of the operational and support environment on the constraints and limitations of the operators and maintainers. - Comparative Analyses: Baseline comparisons with other systems are established to represent the characteristics of the new system for design and supportability features and to identify high cost human resource and high risk human performance areas. - Trade-off Analyses: Staffing, training, and human performance implications are evaluated for alternative approaches to design and support. - Task Analyses: Operations and maintenance tasks are identified and analyzed for human resource and performance considerations. - Early Fielding Analyses: The impact of the introduction of new equipment is assessed in terms of supportability and suitability. The results of the human factors and ILS analyses conducted during the acquisition should be shared, and it may be beneficial to create a common data base as well as to collaborate on lessons learned.

Step 3: Coordinate Inputs to Procurement Documents	Joint development of inputs to the Screening Information Request (SIR) (statement of work, specifications, and data to be delivered) benefits the human factors and ILS programs. Coordinated inputs to the SIR will help prevent redundancy and by delineating unique requirements for one program not covered by the other. The complementary effort provides full coverage of the needs of system operators, maintainers, and supporters during system acquisition. In many cases, the same data will meet human factors and LSA requirements. An example is LSA Task 203, Comparative Analysis. This task can aid in developing human factors constraints and identifying human factors issues to be resolved in the new system, especially costly tasks that degrade total system performance.
CHECKLIST QUESTIONS		- Does the Human Factors Coordinator participate in ILS team meetings? - Do ILS team members participate in HFWG meetings? - Has the Human Factors Coordinator reviewed and provided comments on the ILS documentation? - Have ILS team members reviewed and provided comments on the human factors documentation? - Has the Human Factors Coordinator participated in ongoing relevant logistical support analyses? - Have ILS team members participated in ongoing relevant human factors analyses? - Have HFWG and ILS team members cooperated in developing inputs to the Screening Information Request? - Have HFWG and ILS team members reviewed contractor proposals to ensure that the Government is only procuring the minimum essential data for each program? - Have HFWG and ILS team members reviewed the results of human factors and LSA analyses and used them to improve system design, training, staffing, and operational and maintenance concepts?